Table 1 shows pKa values of frequently used buffers in reversed phase HPLC. Ka stands for an acid dissociation constant and pKa is its negative logarithm. The buffer capacity becomes maximum when the pH of the buffer is its pKa...

Guard columns are installed between the injector and the analytical column of an HPLC system, to protect the analytical column. Guard columns are widely used and are cost effective to prolong the life of HPLC columns. ..